动态控制气调（DCA）贮藏后有机种植苹果品种的香气挥发物和感官品质，与有和没有1-甲基环丙烯（1-MCP）的CA贮藏果实比较

来源: Yosef Al Shoffe et al 发布日期: 2024-09-23 访问量: 34

导读	许多苹果品种的长期贮藏对于有机生产来说尤其具有挑战性，因为不允许使用控制成熟的作物保护剂1-甲基环丙烯（1-MCP）。对于许多品种来说，仅靠可控气调（CA）储存不足以控制病害和成熟。动态控制气调（DCA）通过确定刚好高于氧气下限（LOL）的pO2，允许使用较低的pO2设定点，而不会对厌氧菌产生任何负面影响标签: DCA动态控制气调、有机苹果、LOL超低氧、SafePOD

Aroma volatiles and sensory quality of organically-grown apple cultivars after dynamic controlled atmosphere (DCA) storage and comparison with CA-stored fruit with and without 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP）

Yosef Al Shoffe ^a, David Rudell ^b, DoSu Park ^a, Burak E. Algul ^{a c}, Mingze Qin ^d, Menghan Shi^d, Robin Dando ^d, Christopher ^B. Watkins ^a

^aHorticulture Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Plant Science Building, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
^bUSDA-ARS, Tree Fruit Research Laboratory, 1104 N. Western Avenue, Wenatchee, WA 98801, USA
^cDepartment of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Aydin Adnan Menderes University, Aydin, Turkiye
^dDepartment of Food Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
Received 9 June 2024, Revised 16 August 2024, Accepted 19 August 2024, Available online 28 August 2024, Version of Record 28 August 2024.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.postharvbio.2024.113162

Highlights

    •Effects of DCA compared with CA with and without 1-MCP compared.
    •Objective and sensory comparison of old and new release cultivars.
    •Treatment effects were affected by texture and ripening physiology of the cultivars.
    •Sensory data revealed liking was not perfectly modeled by instrumental measures.

•DCA与CA在有和没有1-MCP的情况下的效果比较。
•新旧释放品种的客观和感官比较。
•处理效果受到品种质地和成熟生理的影响。
•感官数据显示，喜好并没有通过仪器测量完美建模。

Abstract

Long-term storage of many apple cultivars can be especially challenging for organic production where use of 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP), a crop protectant that controls ripening is disallowed. For many cultivars, controlled atmosphere (CA) storage alone, is inadequate for managing disorders and ripening. Dynamic controlled atmosphere (DCA), by determining the pO2 just above the lower oxygen limit (LOL), permits the use of lower pO2 setpoints without any negative impacts of anaerobiosis. Consequently, DCA can replace 1-MCP for maintenance of fruit quality. The goal of this study was to determine where this held true for a selection of old and new release organically-grown cultivars in the context of sensory perception. Cultivars included ‘Enterprise’ and ‘GoldRush’ harvested in 2018 (year 1), and ‘Honeycrisp’, ‘Golden Delicious’, ‘Jonagold’, and ‘Fuji’ harvested in 2020 (year 2). The LOL was monitored for DCA using chlorophyll fluorescence (CF) and compared with conventional static CA with or without 1-MCP treatment at harvest. DCA storage suppressed ripening to a similar level as 1-MCP plus CA in both years as indicated by reduced ester biosynthesis and, for some cultivars, maintenance of flesh firmness. However, ripening suppression did not impact the overall sensory preference of ‘Enterprise’, ‘Honeycrisp’, or ‘Fuji’, as all cultivars retained firmness and tartness regardless of storage regime and even negatively impacted it for ‘Goldrush’, an especially tart and firm cultivar. Sensory liking of ‘Golden Delicious’ and ‘Jonagold’ which have more typical diminishing firmness and acid profiles were most benefited by either 1-MCP treatment or DCA storage. The results highlight that use of storage technologies that suppress ripening beyond conventional CA storage are best employed on cultivars with more conventional softening and acid metabolism profiles as opposed to new cultivars that were selected primarily against these ripening phenotypes. The results also demonstrate the value of sensory evaluation compared with instrumental measurements to reveal the influence of different storage regimes on human perception.

许多苹果品种的长期贮藏对于有机生产来说尤其具有挑战性，因为不允许使用控制成熟的作物保护剂1-甲基环丙烯（1-MCP）。对于许多品种来说，仅靠可控气调（CA）储存不足以控制病害和成熟。动态控制气调（DCA）通过确定刚好高于氧气下限（LOL）的pO2，允许使用较低的pO2设定点，而不会对厌氧菌产生任何负面影响。因此，DCA可以替代1-MCP来维持果实品质。本研究的目的是确定在感官感知的背景下，这对选择新旧有机种植品种的适用性。品种包括2018年（第1年）收获的“Enterprise”和“GoldRush”，以及2020年（第2年）收割的“Honeycrisp”、“Golden Delicious”、“Jonagold”和“Fuji”。使用叶绿素荧光（CF）监测DCA的LOL，并在收获时与有或没有1-MCP处理的传统静态CA进行比较。DCA储存在两年内将成熟抑制到与1-甲基环丙烯加CA相似的水平，这表明酯生物合成减少，对于一些品种来说，果肉硬度得以保持。然而，催熟抑制并没有影响“Enterprise”、“Honeycrisp”或“Fuji”的整体感官偏好，因为无论储存制度如何，所有品种都保持了硬度和酸味，甚至对“Goldrush”这一特别酸硬的品种产生了负面影响。1-MCP处理或DCA储存对“Golden Delicious”和“Jonagold”的感官喜爱最为有益，它们具有更典型的硬度和酸度下降特征。研究结果强调，与主要针对这些成熟表型选择的新品种相比，使用抑制传统CA储存以外成熟的储存技术最适合用于具有更传统软化和酸代谢特征的品种。结果还表明，与仪器测量相比，感官评估在揭示不同储存制度对人类感知的影响方面具有重要价值。